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46. a) Mention any two mechanisms how human body compensates low oxygen availability at higher altitudes.
b) Write two suspended activities in animals against abiotic stresses with suitable examples.
c) The Abington tortoise in Galapagos Islands become extinct after goats were introduced on the Island. Mention the type of interaction.

Ans:

a)

  • The people living in high altitudes compensate low oxygen by increasing production of red blood cells (RBCs).

  • The binding capacity of haemoglobin decreases and breathing rate increases.

  • People living at high altitudes of Himalayas have higher RBC count or total Hb than people living in plains.


b)

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